DISTILLATION • E-FREE TRANSLATION.COM • Definition of Distillation

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/dˌɪstəlˈeɪʃən/ Listen

noun

Distillation n.

1.

The act of falling in drops, or the act of pouring out in drops.

2.

That which falls in drops. (R.)

3.

(Chem.) The separation of the volatile parts of a substance from the more fixed; specifically, the operation of driving off gas or vapor from volatile liquids or solids, by heat in a retort or still, and the condensation of the products as far as possible by a cool receiver, alembic, or condenser; rectification; vaporization; condensation; as, the distillation of illuminating gas and coal, of alcohol from sour mash, or of boric acid in steam. Note: The evaporation of water, its condensation into clouds, and its precipitation as rain, dew, frost, snow, or hail, is an illustration of natural distillation.

4.

The substance extracted by distilling.

Destructive distillation (Chem.), the distillation, especially of complex solid substances, so that the ultimate constituents are separated or evolved in new compounds, usually requiring a high degree of heat; as, the destructive distillation of soft coal or of wood.

Dry distillation, the distillation of substances by themselves, or without the addition of water or of other volatile solvent; as, the dry distillation of citric acid.

Fractional distillation. (Chem.) See under Fractional.

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Etymology of 'Distillation'

Collaborative International Dictionary of English 0.48

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"Distillation" Quotes from Famous Books

... a substitute for spinach. Less in America than in Europe, the seeds, which, like other parts of the plant, are aromatic and bitterish, are used for flavoring various beverages, cakes, and candies, especially "comfits." Oil of angelica is obtained from the seeds by distillation with steam or boiling water, the vapor being condensed and the oil separated by gravity. It is also obtained in smaller quantity from the roots, 200 pounds of which, it is said, yield only about one pound of the oil. Like the seeds, the oil ...

— Culinary Herbs: Their Cultivation Harvesting Curing and Uses • M. G. Kains

... burned, and their clothing is all destroyed. But in catacausis they are stricken down without warning, the limbs are rarely burned, and only the clothing in contact with the head and chest is consumed. The residue is like a distillation of animal tissue, grey and dark, with an overpoweringly fetid odour. They are said to burn with a flickering stifled blue flame, and water, far from arresting the combustion, seems to add to it. Gin is particularly ...

— The Silent Bullet • Arthur B. Reeve

... recent number of Comptes Rendus, state that by passing a current of acetylene through 200 grammes of benzene containing 50 grammes of aluminum chloride for 30 hours the oily liquid remaining after removal of the unaltered aluminum chloride by washing was found to yield, on fractional distillation, three distinct products. The first, which came over between 143 deg. and 145 deg., and which amounted to 80 per cent. of the whole, consisted of pure cinnamene or styrolene (C{6}H{5}.CH.CH{2}), which is one of the ...

— Scientific American Supplement, No. 620, November 19,1887 • Various

... by distillation and chemical treatment from coal tar, a product of coal during the making of gas. There are over 2,000 ...

— Vegetable Dyes - Being a Book of Recipes and Other Information Useful to the Dyer • Ethel M. Mairet

... still embroiled in their tedious and costly lawsuit, they were naturally averse to risk connection with any other patent. Watt the younger, with whom Murdock communicated on the subject, was aware that the current of gas obtained from the distillation of coal in Lord Dundonald's tar-ovens had been occasionally set fire to, and also that Bishop Watson and others had burned gas from coal, after conducting it through tubes, or after it had issued from the retort. Mr. Watt was, however, quite satisfied that Murdock was the first ...

— Men of Invention and Industry • Samuel Smiles

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